A good mood can have a negative effect on some people’s executive functioning, such as their ability to focus attention, manage time and prioritize tasks, new research has found. The same study found that being in a bad mood can help it in some cases.
Tara McAuley, a psychology professor at the University of Waterloo, and Martyn S. Gabel, a Ph.D. candidate, investigated whether our emotional reactivity shaped how mood influences the kinds of thinking skills we need to navigate the demands and stresses of day-to-day life. Emotional reactivity refers to the sensitivity, intensity and duration of our emotional responses associated with our mood.
“Our results show that there are some people for whom a bad mood may actually hone the kind of thinking skills that are important for everyday life,”
said McAuley. The study included 95 participants, each of whom completed nine distinct tasks and questionnaires that measure the interplay of mood, emotional reactivity and various working memory and analytic challenges.
High Reactive Individuals
The high-reactive individuals — people who have rapid, intense, and enduring emotional responses — performed better on executive function tasks when experiencing a bad mood. Low-reactive individuals showed the opposite effect, with bad mood associated with worse executive functioning.
This pattern of results supports the view that a bad mood may help with some executive skills – but only for people who are more emotionally reactive.
“People shouldn’t interpret the results as saying it’s fine to fly off the handle or overreact, or to be grouchy. We know that emotional reactivity differs from person to person starting at a very early age and that these individual differences have implications for mental health later in development,”
said McAuley.
Further research is needed to explain the relationship, but some studies suggest that high-reactive people are more accustomed to experiencing negative emotions. As such, bad moods may be less distracting for them compared with lower-reactive people.
The work was supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.
Reference:
- Martyn S. Gabel, Tara McAuley. Does mood help or hinder executive functions? Reactivity may be the key Personality and Individual Differences Volume 128, 1 July 2018, Pages 94-99
Last Updated on October 13, 2023